It’s Christmas again and you’ll be receiving all kinds of greetings. How about greeting them back with a fancy way ? Show off your nerdiness with this super cool Christmas Tree in Bash. All you need is a bash shell. Most systems have bash shell by default, so you don’t have to install anything for this ! All thanks goes to the Argentian programmer Sergio Lepore for this cool script.... [READ MORE]

Take PHPUnit as an example. You can install it using Composer doing this : composer require phpunit/phpunit This will install a phpunit shortcut in vendor/bin directory. This obviously means you can run it. But, you would have to point to the exact location of the phpunit file to run : /home/username/mysite/vendor/bin/phpunit phpunit.xml But, that’s long and uncomfortable. And you would have to install PHPUnit separately for each projects. I’m gonna tell you how to install binaries globally as well as running it simply.... [READ MORE]

It’s really easy to create a file in Bash with cat and > : cat "/home/simsu/file.txt" > "/home/simsu/file.txt" But, what if you want to add contents to file too ? In this case, we can use cat and echo. Here’s how we do it in echo : echo "My File, My Choice" > "/home/simsu/file.txt" But, there’s a problem with doing like this. Since there is an option to limit the characters of a Terminal command, adding large contents is not possible.... [READ MORE]

Root users have the privilege to do administrative stuff in Linux and if you’re creating a Bash script to install something or change something in the system, you need root. So, checking whether the script was ran by root is very important. if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ] then echo "Please run as root" exit fi There is no else condition. You can add the code which will does stuff in root after the above.... [READ MORE]

If you have tried to access a log file in /var/log using PHP in Linux, you will see the “Permission denied” error. This is because, Apache doesn’t have read permission on the log file. Let’s look at the user groups that have permission to access the log files : it’s root and the program which created the file. Suppose, let’s say the log file is “/var/log/squid/access.log”. That file’s group and owner will be “proxy” and others won’t even have the read permission on it except **root **ofcourse.... [READ MORE]

TTL (Time To Live) is a timer value included in packets sent over networks that tells the recipient how long to hold or use the packet before discarding and expiring the data (packet). TTL values are different for different Operating Systems. So, you can determine the OS based on the TTL value. You can get the TTL value by pinging an address. Here is the output got by pinging “subinsb.com” on my system :... [READ MORE]